A Certificate of Authenticity (C.O.A.) is an essential document for buying, selling, or validating artworks, yet it is far from indisputable. Over my 35 years of art authentication research, I’ve observed numerous complexities and controversies surrounding these certificates.
1. Shifting Authorities in Art Authentication
The recognized authority for authenticating artworks often changes over time, complicating the reliability of earlier C.O.A.s.
Picasso as an Example:
Comité Picasso (until 1993): This group was dissolved amid rumors of unethical practices, although no allegations were proven.
Maya Picasso: Recognized as the sole authenticator after 1993, her certificates were widely accepted but often supplemented by a second opinion from Claude Picasso for auction credibility.
Picasso Administration: Today, the administration Picasso is led by Paloma Picasso. Collectors with certificates issued by Maya alone now face challenges when selling.
2. Need for Recent Certification
For high-value artworks, especially those by renowned masters, auction houses and collectors often require a C.O.A. issued within the last three months. This ensures the certificate aligns with current expert consensus, reducing disputes over outdated opinions.
3. Controversies and Legal Disputes
The art world is rife with authentication disputes that impact collectors, galleries, and even museums:
André Lhote:
Jean Gouin, the original recognized authenticator, was replaced after his passing by Mrs. Berman-Martin, who invalidated many of his certificates. Lawsuits ensued as collectors sought recourse for devalued works previously deemed authentic.
Pierre-Auguste Renoir:
François Daulte’s later-life authentications were contested posthumously by the Dauberville family. Allegations tied to Daulte’s involvement in art fraud further cast doubt on his certifications.
Museum Mistakes:
Even prestigious curators have made significant authentication errors, showing that institutional endorsement is not infallible.
4. Best Practices for Collectors and Investors
To minimize risks when acquiring artworks:
Always ensure the C.O.A. comes from the currently recognized expert or organization.
Request an updated certificate, especially for resale purposes.
Be wary of outdated or single-source certificates; seek corroborating opinions when possible.
Investigate the reputation and history of the issuing authority.
The art world, while inspiring, also has a "dark side" of disputes and scandals. Collectors and investors must approach authentication with vigilance and a deep understanding of the complexities involved.
www.vwart.com art expert
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